On February 20, 2018, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) released a report recommending changes in federal policies and procedures governing state-operated Medicaid demonstration waiver projects. These projects represent the leading edge in state Medicaid innovation as well as over $109 billion in federal Medicaid spending annually. GAO found in its review of these projects that the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has not always demanded thorough, scientifically valid, and timely data evaluations as to whether the projects achieved state-specified, CMS-approved goals to improve care and to contain costs.